If everything is determined in our fate, why did Allah send us down to earth for testing? {Predestination VS Free-Will}

Shakir Mumtaz, originally Answered on Aug 13, 2016

The question is very logical but unfortunately based on the misconception. It is a commonplace misconception that everything is pre-determined. Had that been the case there would have been no need for creation’s subjection to retribution. God sure does know everything but has not pre-destined as perceived. There is a difference in His knowing everything and having pre-determined everything. He, being the Creator does know how a person would lead his life, what choices would he make, etc. He, nevertheless, has endowed man with free-will to exercise his right of choice from the options available. {an elbow room} It, therefore, can not be imagined/construed that He (God forbid) is going against his own words/promise. 

The man operates under two different kinds of creational realms. 1) Takweeni—-where there is no choice. which applies to things such as death, age, etc. 2) Tashri’i—- One would be a believer or nonbeliever, would be selfless or selfish, etc. In-animated bodies such as trees, mountains, celestial objects, etc normally operate under the first rule of creation.

Similarly, there are two kinds of order/decree issued by God. 1) final decree—which does not admit of any change. Like death, height, color, race, place of birth, etc. 2) decree—which may or do admit of a change—such as an affliction may be changed to health due to the prayers, or the intervention of the angels; appointed for the protection of human beings.

This is confirmed in Qura’an in Surah Al Nahal 16, V 36. “And among them were those whom Allah guided, and among them were those upon whom error was [deservedly] decreed” & also V 37 “[Even] if you should strive for their guidance, [O Muhammad], indeed, Allah does not guide those He sends astray, and they will have no helpers” 

Hopefully, this explanation would suffice for the correct understanding of the topic of Free-will vs Predestination. 

Also read: https://shakir2.wordpress.com/2016/03/21/the-anthropocentric-character-of-the-universe-special-status-of-man-and-yet-his-denial-of-god/

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1.1k views · View Upvoters · Answer requested by Morshidi

4 Upvotes

Thx Shamil Sherzad, Elham Nazif, Amjad Abujamous & Morshidi.

Amjad Abujamous Aug 15, 2016

Thank you for this answer! I finally found an answer to this question after asking soooooo many sheikhs in schools, mosques, and so many other places!

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Hope and Prayer

Hope is an instinctive impulse of a rational being. Prayer is an actualization thereof by ardently imploring (hoping from) the Supreme Being (God). Both, in tandem, are activated by human free-will*1. A prayer, even by a Non-Believer, (Q, 10:11)*2 is not a futile but fruitful activity. Hope and Prayer are mutually inclusive hence cannot be counterproductive.

*1According to St. Plotinus sin is a consequence of free-will. In Islamic parlance; good choice is reward-worthy while bad choice is blame-worthy; for it becomes a tool or source of evil (Satan).

*2It may however be dashed due to one’s disbelief(Q, 4:104) Yet a prayer made in distress would be heard.

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